Multiplication and Division Sentences

Purpose

To recognize and state related multiplication and division sentences

Materials

None

Overview

To prepare for upcoming work with multiplication and division, have your students practice facts up to 10 × 10. Give a multiplication fact, such as 5 × 6, and ask a student to give the product and its multiplication sentence (5 × 6 = 30). Then, ask another student to give a corresponding division sentence (30 ÷ 6 = 5 or 30 ÷ 5 = 6).

The class can also be split into two teams. The first team provides the multiplication sentence and product while the second team gives the corresponding division sentence and quotient. When the teacher says “Switch!” each team works with the opposite operation.

About the sequence

Part 1 asks students to practice multiplication facts up to 5 × 10 and share corresponding multiplication and division sentences. Part 2 includes facts up to 10 × 10, and the extension test facts up to 12 × 12, both with additional practice on providing related multiplication and division sentences.

Part 1

Let’s keep practicing our multiplication facts. I’ll share a fact and one volunteer (or team) gives the product along with the multiplication sentence that goes with it. A second volunteer (or team) shares the quotient and a related division sentence. So, if I say 2 × 6, our first volunteer (or team) says 2 × 6 = 12 while the second volunteer (team) says 12 ÷ 6 = 2 or 12 ÷ 2 = 6. Let’s get started!

Examples:

2 × 4 = 8 (8 ÷ 4 = 2 or 8 ÷ 2 = 4)
3 × 5 = 15 (15 ÷ 5 = 3 or 15 ÷ 3 = 5)
4 × 4 = 16 (16 ÷ 4 = 4)
5 × 4 = 20 (20 ÷4 = 5 or 20 ÷ 5 =4)
4 × 3 = 12 (12 ÷ 3 = 4 or 12 ÷ 4 = 3)
3 × 3 = 9 (9 ÷ 3 = 3)
2 × 10 = 20 (20 ÷ 10 = 2 or 20 ÷ 2 = 10)
1 × 12 = 12 (12 ÷ 12 = 1 or 12 ÷ 1 = 12)
2 × 7 = 14 (14 ÷ 7 = 2 or 14 ÷ 2 = 7)
3 × 6 = 18 (18 ÷ 6 = 3 or 18 ÷ 3 = 6)

While children are enjoying their building of mastery, feel free to repeat. When children are eager for more, try Part 2.

Part 2

Let’s keep going with some even bigger facts!

Examples:

10 × 10 = 100 (100 ÷ 10 = 10)
9 × 8 = 72 (72 ÷ 8 = 9 or 72 ÷ 9 = 8)
7 × 6 = 42 (42 ÷ 6 = 7 or 42 ÷ 7 = 6)
8 × 5 = 40 (40 ÷ 5 = 8 or 40 ÷ 8 = 5)
6 × 9 = 54 (54 ÷ 9 = 6 or 54 ÷ 6 = 9)
7 × 7 = 49 (49 ÷ 7 = 7)
9 × 9 = 81 (81 ÷ 9 = 9)
6 × 8 = 48 (48 ÷ 8 = 6 or 48 ÷ 6 = 8)
9 × 1 = 9 (9 ÷ 1 = 9 or 9 ÷ 9 = 1)

As always, when children seem excited for a new challenge, move on.

Extension

Let’s try some even bigger facts.

11 × 12 = 132 (132 ÷ 12 = 11 or 132 ÷ 11 = 12)
12 × 12 = 144 (144 ÷ 12 = 12)
10 × 12 = 120 (120 ÷ 12 = 10 or 120 ÷ 10 = 12)
11 × 9 = 99 (99 ÷ 9 = 11 or 99 ÷ 11 = 9)
12 × 4 = 48 (48 ÷ 4 = 12 or 48 ÷ 12 = 4)
12 × 8 = 96 (96 ÷ 8 = 12 or 96 ÷ 12 = 8)
11 × 11 = 121 (121 ÷ 11 = 11)
9 × 12 = 108 (108 ÷ 12 = 9 or 108 ÷ 9 = 12)
11 × 6 = 66 (66 ÷ 6 = 11 or 66 ÷ 11 = 6)